Judiciary


 * The Federal Courts **

**//Justices on the Supreme Court //** **John Paul Stevens **- He was appointed as a justice in 1975  and is the senior Associate Justice of the Court . He was nominated by Republican President Gerald Ford, and was chief justice in 2005. Stevens is the oldest member of the Court, and is considered to be a liberal. He also served in the US Navy from 1942-1945.
 * Sandra Day O’Connor **- She was appointed as a justice in 1981 then retired in the year of 2006. O’Connor was the first female member of the Supreme Court. She was nominated by President Ronald Reagan, and is a republican. Before she was appointed, she was a judge in Arizona.
 * Antonin Scalia **- He was appointed as a justice in 1986, and has been described as the intellectual anchor of the Court's conservative wing . He was nominated by President Ronald Reagan, and still serves on the Court today with the nickname “Nino”.
 * Anthony Kennedy **- A Roman Catholic that was appointed as a justice in 1988. He is still currently serving, and is often considered the swing vote on many of the Court's politically charged 5–4 decisions after the retirement of Sandra Day O’Connor. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> He was nominated by President Ronald Reagan, and is more conservative.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">David Hackett Souter **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">- He was appointed as a justice in 1990 to his retirement on <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">June 29, 2009 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">. He was appointed by George H. W. Bush, filling the seat of William J. Brennan Jr <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> Souter <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">he served as a prosecutor, a state's attorney general, and as a judge on state trial and appellate courts <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">before the Supreme Court. Some thought Souter was a liberal but others thought he did not have an ideological standing.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Clarence Thomas **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">- He was appointed as a justice in 1991, and is still currently serving as the second African American to serve on the Court. He was nominated by George H. W. Bush, and is considered very conservative. Thomas bases his judging off of the Constitution, and is viewed as the most conservative member of the Court. [[image:johngrobertsjr.jpg width="152" height="191" align="right" caption="John G. Roberts http://illuminatigonewild.wordpress.com/"]]
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Ruth Bader Ginsburg **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">- She was appointed in 1991, being the second woman on the Court. She is currently still serving, and was nominated by President Clinton. Ginsburg spent most of her early career as an advocate for equal citizenship for both men and women. She is generally a liberal.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Stephen Breyer **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">- He was appointed in 1994 and still currently serving. He was nominated by President Bill Clinton, and <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">known for his practical approach to constitutional law. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> He is associated with more of the liberal side of court. Along with Ginsburg, he is a Jewish member of the Court.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">John G. Roberts ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">- He was appointed in 2005, and is currently the Chief Justice of the Court. He was nominated by President George W. Bush after the chief justice Rehnquist had died. Roberts holds a conservative judicial philosophy.

**// Ideological Standing of the Court //** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">The standing of the Supreme Court can go one of three ways. The Supreme Court is Conservative, Liberal, or Moderate. Conservative means to limit change or to restore the traditional ways. To be liberal means to be in favor of change or to be reforming something. Then moderate means to be in between or to stay in a neutral position. Moderate can also being very reasonable. During President George Bush’s second term the Supreme Court was more on the Conservative side. Six of the justices right now were appointed by Republican Presidents, while three other were appointed by Democrats. About five of the justices are considered conservative, which means the Supreme Court leans more towards the Conservative side. Bush appointed to judges to be justices that were Conservative. This is because Bush was more Conservative and so those justices would agree with what he says more often because they were thinking in the same context.

// All Supreme Court Cases //
 * **<span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Case] ** ||  || **<span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Docket No.] ** ||   || **<span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Argued] ** ||   || **<span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Decided] ** ||   || **<span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Majority Author ** ||   || **<span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Vote ** ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|District of Columbia v. Heller] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-290 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/18/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/26/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Antonin Scalia ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Morgan Stanley Capital Group Inc. v. Public Utility District No. 1 of Snohomish County, Washington] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1457 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/19/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/26/2008 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Davis v. Federal Election Commission] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-320 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/22/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/26/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Samuel A. Alito, Jr. ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Kennedy v. Louisiana] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-343 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/16/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/25/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Anthony M. Kennedy ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Plains Commerce Bank v. Long Family Land & Cattle] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-411 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/14/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/25/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John G. Roberts, Jr. ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Giles v. California] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-6053 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/22/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/25/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Antonin Scalia ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">6-3 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Exxon Shipping Co. v. Baker] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-219 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/27/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/25/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">David H. Souter ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-3 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Rothgery v. Gillespie County TX] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-440 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/17/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/23/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">David H. Souter ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">8-1 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Sprint Communications v. APCC Services Inc.] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-552 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/21/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/23/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Stephen G. Breyer ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Greenlaw v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-330 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/15/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/23/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Ruth Bader Ginsburg ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">6-3 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Metlife v. Glenn] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-923 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/23/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/19/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Stephen G. Breyer ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">6-3 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Kentucky Retirement Systems, et al. v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1037 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/09/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/19/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Stephen G. Breyer ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Meacham v. Knolls Atomic Power Lab.] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1505 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/23/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/19/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">David H. Souter ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-1 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Indiana v. Edwards] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-208 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/26/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/19/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Stephen G. Breyer ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Chamber of Commerce v. Brown] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-939 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/19/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/19/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John Paul Stevens ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Florida Department of Revenue v. Piccadilly Cafeterias, Inc.] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-312 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/26/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/16/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Clarence Thomas ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Dada v. Mukasey] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1181 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/07/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/16/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Anthony M. Kennedy ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Irizarry v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-7517 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/15/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/12/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John Paul Stevens ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Munaf v. Geren] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1666 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/25/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/12/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John G. Roberts, Jr. ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Philippines v. Pimentel] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1204 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/17/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/12/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Anthony M. Kennedy ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Boumediene v. Bush] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1195 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/05/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/12/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Anthony M. Kennedy ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Taylor v. Sturgell] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-371 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/16/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/12/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Ruth Bader Ginsburg ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Bridge v. Phoenix Bond & Indemnity] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-210 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/14/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/09/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Clarence Thomas ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Engquist v. Oregon Department of Agriculture] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-474 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/21/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/09/2008 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Quanta Computer, Inc., et al. v. LG Electronics, Inc.] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-937 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/16/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/09/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Clarence Thomas ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Allison Engine Co. v. Sanders] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-214 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/26/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/09/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Samuel A. Alito, Jr. ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Richlin Security Service v. Chertoff] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1717 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/19/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/02/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Samuel A. Alito, Jr. ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Cuellar v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1456 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/25/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/02/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Clarence Thomas ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|United States v. Santos and Diaz] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1005 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/03/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/02/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Antonin Scalia ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Riley v. Kennedy] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-77 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/24/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/27/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Ruth Bader Ginsburg ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|CBOCS West, Inc. v. Humphries] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1431 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/20/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/27/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Stephen G. Breyer ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Gomez-Perez v. Potter] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1321 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/19/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/27/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Samuel A. Alito, Jr. ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">6-3 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|United States v. Williams] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-694 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/30/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/19/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Antonin Scalia ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|United States v. Rodriquez] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1646 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/15/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/19/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Samuel A. Alito, Jr. ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">6-3 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|United States v. Ressam] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-455 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/25/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/19/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John Paul Stevens ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">8-1 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Department of Revenue of Kentucky v. Davis] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-666 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/05/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/19/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">David H. Souter ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Gonzalez v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-11612 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/08/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/12/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Anthony M. Kennedy ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">8-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Crawford v. Marion County Election Board] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-21 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/09/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/28/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John Paul Stevens ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">6-3 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Virginia v. Moore] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1082 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/14/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/23/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Anthony M. Kennedy ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Burgess v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-11429 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/24/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/16/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Ruth Bader Ginsburg ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Begay v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-11543 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/15/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/16/2008 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|MeadWestvaco Corp. v. Illinois Department of Revenue] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1413 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/16/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/15/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Samuel A. Alito, Jr. ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|United States v. Clintwood Elkhorn Mining] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-308 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/24/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/15/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John G. Roberts, Jr. ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Baze and Bowling v. Rees] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-5439 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/07/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/14/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John G. Roberts, Jr. ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|New Jersey v. Delaware] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">134 ORIG ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/27/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/31/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Ruth Bader Ginsburg ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-3 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Medellin v. Texas] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-984 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/10/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/25/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John G. Roberts, Jr. ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">6-3 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Hall Street Associates, L.L.C. v. Mattel, Inc.] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-989 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/07/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/25/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">David H. Souter ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">6-3 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Snyder v. Louisiana] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-10119 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/04/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/19/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Samuel A. Alito, Jr. ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Washington State Grange v. Washington State Republican Party] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-713 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/01/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/18/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Clarence Thomas ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Boulware v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1509 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/08/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/03/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">David H. Souter ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Warner-Lambert Co. v. Kent] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1498 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/25/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/03/2008 ||   ||   ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">4-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Federal Express Corporation v. Holowecki] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1322 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/06/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/27/2008 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Sprint/United Management Company v. Mendelsohn] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1221 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/03/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/26/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Clarence Thomas ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Danforth v. Minnesota] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-8273 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/31/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/20/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John Paul Stevens ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|LaRue v. DeWolff, Boberg & Associates, Inc.] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-856 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/26/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/20/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John Paul Stevens ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Rowe v. New Hampshire Motor Transport Association] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-457 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/28/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/20/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Stephen G. Breyer ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Riegel v. Medtronic, Inc.] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-179 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/04/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/20/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Antonin Scalia ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">8-1 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Preston v. Ferrer] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1463 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/14/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/20/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Ruth Bader Ginsburg ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">8-1 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Ali v. Federal Bureau of Prisons] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-9130 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/29/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/22/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Clarence Thomas ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|New York State Board of Elections v. Lopez Torres] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-766 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/03/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/16/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Antonin Scalia ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Knight v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1286 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/27/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/16/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John G. Roberts, Jr. ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Stoneridge Investment Partners, LLC v. Scientific-Atlanta, Inc.] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-43 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/09/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/15/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Anthony M. Kennedy ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-3 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|John R. Sand & Gravel Company v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1164 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/06/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/08/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Stephen G. Breyer ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Wright v. Van Patten] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-212 ||   ||   ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/07/2008 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Arave v. Hoffman] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-110 ||   ||   ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/07/2008 ||   ||   ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Kimbrough v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-6330 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/02/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/10/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Ruth Bader Ginsburg ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Watson v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-571 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/09/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/10/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">David H. Souter ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Gall v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-7949 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/02/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/10/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John Paul Stevens ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Logan v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-6911 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/30/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/04/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Ruth Bader Ginsburg ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|CSX Transportation, Inc. v. Georgia State Board of Equalization] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1287 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/05/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/04/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John G. Roberts, Jr. ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Allen v. Siebert] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1680 ||   ||   ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/05/2007 ||   ||   ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|New York City Board of Education v. Tom F.] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-637 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/01/2007 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/10/2007 ||   ||   ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">4-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Ali v. Achim] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1346 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Klein & Co. Futures, Inc. v. Board of Trade of the City of New York]

2008 Cases ** ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1265 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/29/2007 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Case] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Docket No.] ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Argued] ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Decided] ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Majority Author ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Vote ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-205 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/24/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/21/2010 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Anthony M. Kennedy ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Ricci v. DeStefano] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1428 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/22/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/29/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Cuomo v. Clearing House Association] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-453 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/28/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/29/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Melendez-Diaz v. Massachusetts] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-591 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/10/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/25/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Atlantic Sounding Co., Inc. v. Townsend] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-214 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/02/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/25/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Horne v. Flores] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-289 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/20/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/25/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Safford Unified School District v. Redding] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-479 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/21/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/25/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Coeur Alaska v. S.E. Alaska Conservation Council] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-984 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/12/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/22/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Forest Grove School District v. T.A.] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-305 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/28/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/22/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Northwest Austin Municipal v. Holder] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-322 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/29/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/22/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Yeager v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-67 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/23/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/18/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|District Attorney's Office for the Third Judicial District v. Osborne] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-6 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/02/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/18/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Gross v. FBL Financial Services, Inc.] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-441 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/31/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/18/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Travelers Indemnity Co. v. Bailey] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-295 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/30/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/18/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Polar Tankers, Inc. v. City of Valdez] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-310 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/01/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/15/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Nijhawan v. Holder] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-495 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/27/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/15/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Boyle v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1309 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/14/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/08/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Caperton v. A.T. Massey Coal Co., Inc.] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-22 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/03/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/08/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|United States v. Denedo] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-267 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/25/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/08/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Republic of Iraq v. Beaty] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1090 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/20/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/08/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|U.S. ex rel. Eisenstein v. New York] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-660 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/21/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/08/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Bobby v. Bies] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-598 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/27/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/01/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|CSX Transportation, Inc. v. Hensley] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-1034 ||   ||   ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06/01/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Haywood v. Drown] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-10374 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/03/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/26/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Montejo v. Louisiana] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1529 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/13/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/26/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Abuelhawa v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-192 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/04/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/26/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Ashcroft v. Iqbal] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1015 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/10/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/18/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|AT&T Corp. v. Hulteen] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-543 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/10/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/18/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Burlington Northern v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1601 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/24/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/04/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Flores-Figueroa v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-108 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/25/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/04/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Carlsbad Tech., Inc. v. HIF Bio, Inc.] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1437 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/24/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/04/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Arthur Andersen, LLP v. Carlisle] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-146 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/03/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">05/04/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Kansas v. Ventris] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1356 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/21/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/29/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Dean v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-5274 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/04/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/29/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John G. Roberts, Jr. ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">7-2 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|FCC v. Fox Television Stations] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-582 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/04/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/28/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Cone v. Bell] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1114 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/09/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/28/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Nken v. Holder] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-681 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/21/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/22/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Shinseki v. Sanders] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1209 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/08/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/21/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Ministry of Defense of Iran v. Elahi] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-615 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/12/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/21/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Arizona v. Gant] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-542 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/07/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/21/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|United States v. Navajo Nation] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1410 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/23/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/06/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Corley v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-10441 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/21/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/06/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Harbison v. Bell] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-8521 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/12/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/01/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|14 Penn Plaza LLC v. Pyett] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-581 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/01/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/01/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Entergy Corporation v. EPA] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-588 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/02/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">04/01/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Philip Morris USA. v. Williams] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1216 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/03/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/31/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Hawaii v. Office of Hawaiian Affairs] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1372 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/25/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/31/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Rivera v. Illinois] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-9995 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/23/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/31/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Puckett v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-9712 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/14/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/25/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Knowles v. Mirzayance] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1315 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/13/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/24/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Bartlett v. Strickland] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-689 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/14/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/09/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Kansas v. Colorado] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">105 ORIG ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/01/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/09/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Vermont v. Brillon] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-88 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/13/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/09/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Wyeth v. Levine] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1249 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/03/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/04/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Negusie v. Holder, Attorney General] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-499 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/05/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/03/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Summers v. Earth Island Institute] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-463 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/08/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">03/03/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Pacific Bell Telephone Co. v. LinkLine Communications] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-512 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/08/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/25/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Pleasant Grove City v. Summum] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-665 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/12/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/25/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|United States v. Hayes] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-608 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/10/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/24/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Carcieri v. Salazar] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-526 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/03/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/24/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Ysursa v. Pocatello Education Association] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-869 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/03/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">02/24/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Crawford v. Nashville and Davidson County, TN] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-1595 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/08/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/26/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Van De Kamp v. Goldstein] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-854 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/05/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/26/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Kennedy v. Plan Administrator for Dupont Savings and Investment Plan] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-636 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/07/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/26/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|United States v. Eurodif S.A.] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1059 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/04/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/26/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Arizona v. Johnson] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1122 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/09/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/26/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Nelson v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-5657 ||   ||   ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/26/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Fitzgerald v. Barnstable School Committee] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1125 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/02/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/21/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Locke v. Karass] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-610 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/06/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/21/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Pearson, et al. v. Callahan] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-751 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/14/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/21/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Waddington v. Sarausad] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-772 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/15/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/21/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Herring v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-513 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/07/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/14/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John G. Roberts, Jr. ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Oregon v. Ice] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-901 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/14/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/14/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Ruth Bader Ginsburg ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Jimenez v. Quarterman] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-6984 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/04/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/13/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Clarence Thomas ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Chambers v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">06-11206 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/10/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">01/13/2009 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Stephen G. Breyer ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">9-0 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Altria Group v. Good] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-562 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/06/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/15/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">John Paul Stevens ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-4 ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Hedgpeth v. Pulido] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-544 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/15/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">12/02/2008 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Bell v. Kelly] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1223 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/12/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/17/2008 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-1239 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/08/2008 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/12/2008 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Moore v. United States] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">07-10689 ||   ||   ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">10/14/2008 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Al-Marri v. Pucciarelli] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-368 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||


 * <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">[|Jones v. Harris Associates L.P.] ||  || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">08-586 ||   || <span style="color: #00004c; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">11/02/2009 ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||

//** Most Pivital Supreme Court Cases **//
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">**// Boumediene v. Bush 2008 //** ||  || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">Declaring for the first time that foreign prisoners held at the U.S. naval base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba have a constitutional right to challenge their detention in U.S. courts. ||   || 5-4 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">If the MCA is considered valid its legislative history requires that the detainees' cases be dismissed. ||


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">**//Munaf v. Geren 2008//** ||  || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">Finding that U.S. law allowing prisoners to challenge the constitution of their detention extends to American citizens held overseas by an American-led international force; also determining that U.S. judges lack the authority to order the release of criminal suspects whose detention is at the request of the country where they are being held. ||   || 9-0 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">The habeas corpus ruling extends to American citizens held overseas by American forces operating subject to an American chain of command even if part of a larger multinational force. ||


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">**//District of Columbia v. Heller 2008//** ||  || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">Establishing for the first time that the Constitution protects an individual right to own guns and rejecting the notion that the gun right must be connected to service in the military. This decision struck down a Washington handgun ban. ||   || 5-4 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">The Second Amendment protects an individual right to possess a firearm not connected with service in a militia, and to use that firearm for lawful purposes. ||


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">**//CBOCS West v. Humphries 2008//** ||  || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">Finding that workers may sue under an 1866 civil rights law when they face retaliation after filing a race discrimination claim, even though the law does not specifically spell out coverage for disciplinary actions. ||   || 7-2 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Section 1981 includes retaliation claims. The 7-2 decision relied heavily on the concept of stare decisis. ||


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">**//Sprint/United Management v. Mendelsohn 2008//** ||  || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt;">Finding that employees claiming age discrimination are not automatically prohibited from bringing in evidence of other workers' accusations of bias to strengthen their case. ||   || 9-0 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Because the district court's basis for ruling on the evidence was unclear, the Tenth Circuit should have remanded the case for clarification. The Court sent the case back to the Tenth Circuit and instructed it to follow this procedure. ||


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">**//Davis v. Federal Election Commission 2008//** ||  || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">Striking down the "millionaires' amendment" in federal campaign-finance law. It lifted contribution limits for House candidates when their opponents spent more than $350,000 of their own money; the court also threw out additional disclosure requirements for wealthy candidates. ||   || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">5-4 The contribution limits violated the First Amendment. ||


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">**//Ali v. Federal Bureau of Prisons 2008//** ||  || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt;">Defending from a lawsuit, federal prison officials who allegedly lost two copies of the Quran, a prayer rug and other belongings of a Muslim inmate. ||   || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt;">5-4 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">The use of the word "any" should be given its normal interpretation, around all federal officers whether or not they were involved in enforcing customs or eliminating laws. ||


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">**//Baze v. Rees 2008//** ||  || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">Refusing a claim brought by two Kentucky death row prisoners that a commonly used three-drug lethal injection method signifies cruel and unusual punishment; finding that a defendant trying to prove cruel and unusual punishment must show that an execution method presents a "substantial" or "objectively intolerable" risk of serious harm ||   || 7-2 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">Kentucky's lethal injection conspiracy did not violate the Eighth Amendment <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">. ||


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">**//Kennedy v. Louisiana 2008//** ||  || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">Declaring that the death penalty for the crime of child rape violates the Eight Amendment's ban on cruel and unusual punishment; the decision overturned a ruling by the Louisiana Supreme Court that would have allowed the execution of a man convicted of raping his 8-year-old stepdaughter. ||   || 5-4 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">The Eighth Amendment prohibits states from imposing the death penalty for the rape of a child where the crime did not result, and was not intended to result in the child's death. ||


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">**//LaRue v. DeWolff, Boberg & Associates 2008//** ||  || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">Permitting participants in 401K retirement plans to sue plan administrators for violation of fiduciary duty if they ignore investment instructions from participants. ||   || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt;">9-0 Permitting the suing of plan administrators for violation of fiduciary duty if they ignore investment instructions from participants. ||


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">**//Rowe v. New Hampshire Motor Transport Association 2007//** ||  || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">Striking down a Maine law that imposed new delivery requirements on tobacco packages, including requiring carriers to obtain proof of age from a recipient. ||   || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt;">9-0 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">The state laws were directly connected with motor carrier services and therefore had a significant impact on the congressional goal of precluding state regulation in lieu of competitive market forces. The Court then said that the FAAAA did not allow any exceptions for police powers or public health concerns of the State. ||


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%;">**//Gall v. United States 2007//** ||  || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt;">Declaring that trial judges who impose a criminal sentence that is outside the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines do not need to provide a justification for the sentence that explains the degree of the variance; the ruling was another in a recent pattern, including the Kimbrough case, giving federal trial judges greater freedom in sentencing. ||   || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 8.5pt;">7-2 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">The Supreme Court reversed the appellate court and held that federal courts have the authority to set any reasonable sentence as long as they explain their reasoning. ||


 * //** District of Columbia v. Heller 2007 **// ||  || The first Supreme Court case in United States history to decide whether the Second Amendment protects an individual right to keep and bear arms for self defense. ||   || 5-4 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">The Second Amendment protects an individual right to possess a firearm not connected with service in a militia, and to use that firearm for lawful purposes. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The Supreme Court, President George W. Bush, and the 110th Congress have a very interesting interaction. Between the three groups of government officials, there are many similarities and differences of party lines and ideologies. The Congress consisted of 100 members, with a majority of Democrats in both the Senate and House. George Bush was a well-known Republican President, with strong views and opinions. The Supreme Court of the time was majority Conservative, with 5 out of 10 members. Next in party majority of the Court was Liberal, with four members. With the three groups containing completely different party majorities, lots of friction occurred. As soon as Bush entered his Presidency, he had plans for a large-scale domestic agenda. Because of the September 11th attacks, though, his plans were rapidly pushed to the backseat. During his Presidency, Bush took high interest in immigration, healthcare, Social Security, economic policy, and treatment of terrorist detainees. Because of his lack of forward progression, he put America in the longest post World War II recession. Also, when it was time for judicial appointments, Bush suggested that his motivation for appointing nontraditional judges was driven more by ideology and strategy than concerns for diversity. The 110th Congress did not have the same opinions of war that President Bush had, and was completely against going forward with passing bills and laws concerning the Iraq war. With the Supreme Court swaying towards Conservative and Liberal, most cases were handled with that demeanor. Links Introduction Congress Presidency
 * //Interaction//**